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Summary of “The Paro Seal Robot: Demeaning or Enabling? ”
The Paro seal robot, as introduced by the CNN news, is a harp seal stuffed animal robot that is manufactured by a research center called AIST in Japan whose purpose is to help the patients with autistic and handicapped conditions, which is developed in the year 2003 (Walton, para.1). Its functioning principle is replacing the actual interaction with a robot that can give responses when giving a pat on the back. As a substitute for the human interaction for the patients, there are indeed both positive advice and critics. In the article “The Paro Seal Robot: Demeaning or Enabling” published on the Proceedings of AISB, Amanda Sharkey and Natalie Wood illustrate and examine thoroughly into the specific description. During the illustration of Sharkey and Wood, the Paro seal robot, which is the medical robot for patients with autistic or handicapped conditions, has the benefits of improving the living condition and communications between the elders and patients with issues like dementia while also has the risk of damaging people’s dignity.
First of all, Sharkey and Wood introduce the concept of the Paro seal robot and the technologies that are used to invent it. As introduced in this article, the Paro seal robot has currently been classified by the American government as the Class 2 medical device (Sharkey and Wood, 1). It suggests that the Paro seal robot is indeed a feasible way for some patients to use it as a healing method for their conditions. Moreover, the article also illustrates that the reason why the Paro seal robot can achieve the effect of improving conditions of autistic patients is that when people pat on the Paro seal robot, the several sensors inside of the robot can stimulate it to respond to the action. The attracting and harmless appearance also make it possible to improve the condition of patients who lack the actual interaction with the environment.
After the introduction of the Paro seal robot, Sharkey and Wood also hold the idea that there are primarily three benefits of using the Paro seal robot, including the increase of the social interaction between elderly people, the decrease of anxiety, depression, and agitation when improving communications, and improvement towards the living condition of the patients with severe dementia. Through the examination of the related researches that formerly done by other researchers, all three benefits serve as the strong evidences to prove that the argument is valid and sound. For instance, in the research done by Wada and Shibata, the interaction within the sanatorium where the Paro seal is placed in the public places indeed increased comparing to the sanatorium that does not have the Paro seal inside (Sharkey and Wood, 1). The increasing interaction indeed proves that the Paro seal can improve the interaction between the elders. Moreover, from the perspective of the electroencephalogram, Wada also finds out that the Paro seal improves the psychological condition of patients with dementia (Sharkey and Wood, 1). Besides, in the experiment of Mordoch, the Paro seal robot also improves the overall living condition of the patients with dementia (Sharkey and Wood, 2). Overall, through the illustration, Sharkey and Wood organize and provide a comprehensive analysis towards the current researches involved the Paro seal robot, which shows various benefits of improving the condition of the patients with dementia and communication between the elders.

Besides the benefits, Sharkey and Wood also express their opinions towards the objections that the public hold against the Paro seals robot due to the decreasing social contact, deception, and infantilization. For instance, when facing the objection that suggests that the Paro seal leads to the decline of the social interaction, they explain that the positive influences of the Paro is only shown when placing it to the public area, which means that the influences on the individuals are not evident yet (Sharkey and Wood, 2). Moreover, their reaction for the objection that labels the Paro seal as the deceptive product is to suggest that the products in the market are all deceptive on some level (Sharkey and Wood, 2). Therefore, the Paro seal is not an abnormal product that is not deception to people. As to the objection questioning that Paro seals influences infantilization, Sharkey and Wood hold that the Paro seal is not a product that can downgrade people’s level of intelligence since it is the robot with a high level of technology (Sharkey and Wood, 3). Therefore, people will distinguish the Paro seal with the normal stuffed toys that children like to play.
Moreover, Sharkey and Wood also raise their viewpoints on the possible risks that the Paro seal, which lies on the loss of dignity. More specifically, Sharkey and Wood conduct that the elders may feel the loss of dignity when they interact with the Paro seal robot in the public place if the public knows it is for the improvement of the people with psychological issues (Sharkey and Wood, 4). In other words, the patients and people in needs are not willing to show their vulnerability to the public. According to the capability approach, the designing and usage of the robotic things should take the dignity of the human beings into consideration when putting the products into the public (Sen, 291). Therefore, the Paro seal indeed has the issue since it does not follow the capability approach. The violation of the human dignity should be solved before promoting this robot.
Overall, through the illustration towards the current researching result of Paro seal robot, Sharkey and Wood introduce the various benefits of the Paro seal robot. Moreover, they also find out several flaws in the objections against the Paro seal. However, they also admit that there are indeed some risks to put the Paro seal in the public area. Therefore, they believe that the Paro seal robot is a product that has both positive and negative influences to the society.


Works Cited
Sharkey, Amanda, and Natalie Wood. "The Paro Seal Robot: Demeaning or Enabling?" Proceedings of AISB, vol. 36, 2014, pp. 1-5.
Walton, Marsha. “Meet Paro, the Therapeutic Robot Seal.” CNN, 20 Dec. 2003, https://www.cnn.com/2003/TECH/ptech/11/20/comdex.bestof/index.html Accessed 21 Jan. 2019.
Sen, Amartya. Development as freedom. Oxford University Press, 2001.