发布时间：2020-12-19 热度：
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留学硕士毕业论文Methodology部分写作参考
本章首先介绍了本研究的认识论和方法论，其次是研究方法：一个组合的定量研究和定性研究。然后，它显示了这项研究的研究工具：一个半结构化面试和问卷调查，以及过程和方法收集资料和资料。提出了数据处理方法随后。最后，它解释了如何解决相关的伦理问题研究过程。
Introduction 引言
This chapter first of all introduces the epistemology and methodology of this study, followed by the research approach: a combination of quantitative research and qualitative research. Then it shows the research tools of this study: a semi-structured interview and questionnaire, as well as the processes and methods of collecting data and information. The data processing method is presented subsequently. Finally, it explains how to solve the related ethical issues in the research process.
Epistemology and methodology 认识论和方法论
Epistemology is the philosophical doctrine which discusses the nature, structure of human understanding, the relationship between understanding and objective reality, the process and laws of occurrence and development of understanding (Carter & Little, 2007). Epistemology can usually be divided into three types: constructivism, objectivism and subjectivism (Carter & Little, 2007). This study was implemented based on objectivism and constructivism. Objectivism believes that everything has its truth, meaning, they exist as a significant entity, as well as independent consciousness (Carter & Little, 2007). Thus, based on careful and scientific investigation, objective truth and meaning can be acquired. With positivist methodology, the author developed a research plan, it was through questionnaires to collect data, made use of SPSS 20.0 in statistical and analytical process towards the collected data to understand whether the high employee turnover rate was existing in Chinese high-star hotels and the reasons for the high turnover rate.
Constructivist epistemology emphasizes that fact is constructed by people and influenced by the environment, it is unlike natural phenomenon that social phenomenon is unrepeatable (Carter & Little, 2007). Constructivist methodology holds that different people have their own understanding about the same question, which requires researchers to interpret a problem from the perspective of being researched to understand research objects and context. The author upholds the methodology of interpretivism to collect data through semi-structured interviews, from the perspective of corporate management to understand the reasons for high staff turnover rate in the specific backgrounds of Chinese high-star hotels in Beijing.
Research approach 研究方法
Quantitative and qualitative research methods were combined in this study (Creswell, 2003). Quantitative research aims to study the quantity of research objects (Saunders, Lewis & Thornhill, 2007). Quantitative research methods are based on methodology of positivism, they are mainly through gathering quantified information, processing and analysis of the data to get meaningful conclusions (Bryman & Bell, 2006). Quantitative research is more likely to resolve problems of “what is it”, this study was through quantitative research to understand whether it is the phenomenon of high staff turnover rate that exists in high-star hotels in Beijing, China.
Qualitative research is the study of the quality of objects (Bryman & Bell, 2006). Qualitative research methods are on the basis of methodology of interpretivism. It takes generally recognized axioms, a set of deductive logic and a lot of historical facts as the basis of analysis to descript and explain the things studied (Saunders, Lewis & Thornhill, 2007). Qualitative research tends to solve the problem of “why is it being that?” (Denzin & Lincoln, 2000), this thesis was through qualitative research to understand the reasons for why there is high staff turnover rate in high-star hotels in Beijing.
Quantitative research and qualitative research have their own advantages and disadvantages. Quantitative research often design large scale of samples, the conclusions drawn are more representative, but it is not conducive to further investigating the causes of a problem (Bryman & Bell, 2006). Qualitative research is conducive to further investigation of the causes of a problem, but the limited data obtained results in a lack of representation in research findings (Creswell, 2003). In this study, quantitative research and qualitative research were combined, which was conducive to playing the roles of their strengths and compensate for their shortcomings, making the research results more reliable and true.
In this study, it was mainly through questionnaires and semi-structured interviews to collect quantitative and qualitative data. The questionnaire was from the perspective of employees to understand their perception for HRM strategies of the hotels, the impact of HRM strategies on their sense of fairness, a sense of accomplishment and a sense of security, and thus understand the problems in HRM management system of the high-star hotels in Beijing. However, it should be noted that the development and implementation of corporate HR systems are closely related to the local macroeconomic environment, characteristics of market competition, cultural and other factors, separating from these factors to analyze the deficiencies of HRM strategies of high-star hotels in Beijing is obviously not practical. Therefore, this thesis was through semi-structured interviews, from the perspective of management to understand how the HRM systems of the hotels were formulated and executed. Through a combination of data and information analysis of the questionnaires and the interviews, the author could conduct a more in-depth analysis on why the hotels developed such HRM strategies in the particular environment of market in Beijing, how the employees reflect on the HRM strategies, and in the particular market environment in Beijing, what appropriate measures that the high-star hotels should take to improve their HRM strategies in future.
Questionnaire 问卷调查
In this study, the quantitative research was through questionnaires to collect data, as using questionnaires can collect large amounts of data in a short time, which helped to understand a lot of people's views on an issue in a short time to save manpower, time and money.
Sample 样本
There are more than 200 high-star hotels in Beijing, China, their employees are more than 100,000. Since the sample size is too large, coupled with time, money, and manpower constraints, which bring the author significant challenges in gathering sufficient sample size. According to experiences of previous researches, the author determined the sample size of this study.
