人类学论文代写_专业人类学essay写作范例

专业留学生论文代写平台，高分论文代写，人类学作业代写，人类学 essay代写，人类学网课代修 Anthropology 005 Problem Set # 6: Hominin evolution. Fall 2018 1. We define living taxonomic groups based on sui..

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人类学论文代写_专业人类学essay写作范例

发布时间：2020-12-10 热度：

专业留学生论文代写平台，高分论文代写，人类学作业代写，人类学essay代写，人类学网课代修
Anthropology 005
Problem Set # 6: Hominin evolution.
Fall 2018

1. We define living taxonomic groups based on suites of shared derived features. But all creatures, living or extinct, have to fit into our phylogenetic classification systems.
A. What is/are some derived feature(s) of contemporary humans that set us apart from the other living great apes? Name at least five.
B. What is/are some derived feature(s) that all hominins have that set(s) us apart from non-hominin apes? Name as many as you can.
C. What named taxon would you say is the earliest identifiable hominin and why?
D. Chimpanzees make and use tools; does that make chimpanzees hominins? Why or why not?
E. Was there ever a time when there was more than one taxon of hominin alive at the same time? Explain.

2. The derived traits that separate us from our ape relatives presumably have an adaptive basis; different selection pressures were at work in shaping us. Anthropologists think that some key differences have to do with our ancestor’s ecology—the way they made their living.
A. What are the key ecological differences between chimps and human foragers?
B. What inferences can we draw from the fossil and archaeological records about the diets of fossil hominins? Explain the inference(s) and the evidence.
C. As you learned in Lecture 10, contemporary humans are unusual animals in terms of how much reciprocal altruism we engage in. What selection pressures might explain that tendency and what aspects of human ecology might have generated that selection pressure?
D. In that case why do our closest relatives, chimpanzees, exhibit so much less reciprocal altruism?

3. We can do cladistics at whatever level we choose. For example, we can use cladistics methods to work out the phylogenetic relationships among phyla or classes and, at the other end of the continuum, we can use the same kinds of methods to determine phylogenetic relationships among the various populations of a single species.
A. In terms of your model of allopatric speciation, what is a subspecies?
B. What have anthropologists determined about the phylogenetic history of Homo sapiens based only on DNA samples from living people?
C. It is now possible to retrieve DNA from fossils if they are not too old. Can we use this “ancient DNA” to determine if the fossils also belong to Homo sapiens? Explain why or why not.
D. What do you wish you knew about human evolution that is currently unknown, and can you think of a way to get that information?

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