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Anthropology 005
Problem Set # 6: Hominin evolution.
Fall 2018
1.
A. Contemporary humans are bipeds with a larger brain and larger incisors. Human beings use language, more advanced ways of communication, making tools, better at extracting food, using fire and other characteristics.
B. All primitive humans must be bipedal. Because they share a common ancestor, the difference lies in bipeds.
C. Chromosomes, because taxa and humans share common ancestors, occasionally walk upright. So chromosomes are the earliest features of human beings.
D. No. Because chimpanzees only use stones of special shapes in nature as tools, humans can make advanced tools.
E. Yes. According to the theory of scientists, human beings are all evolved from the common ancestors of Africa, and there are different populations in the same period, because they have different living conditions, different natural choices and no competitive relationship with each other, so they exist in the same period.
2.
A. First of all, the living areas are different. Chimpanzees mainly live in forests and jungles, so that they can get food. Human beings live in plains and hills. Secondly, there are different ways to get food. Chimpanzees get food directly from nature, while humans can produce food on their own initiative.
B. Ancient animal head fossils can prove that the brain of early human edible animals, because many animals have holes in the fossil part, which is evidence of human hunting and eating, but also because of the consumption of large amounts of protein, human brain tissue enlarges faster.
C. Mutual altruism in modern humans is more obvious because of the evolution of the human brain, people can better consider their relationship with nature, by helping or providing favorable price adjustments to other species, so as to achieve human satisfaction.
D. This is mainly because the brain of chimpanzees has not evolved as well as that of modern humans
3.
A. A subspecies is a cluster of similar populations of a species that inhabit the secondary geographical regions of the species and differ in taxonomy from other populations of the species.
B. Anthropologists judge that Homo sapiens and modern humans share a common ancestor based on the DNA system of living human beings.
C. Yes, because the DNA of modern humans is the same as that of ancient Homo sapiens, as long as we get the DNA of the two and compare them, we can judge.
D. I'm curious about the evolution of human eye color. It can be obtained by comparing DNA or other genetic information of human eyes of different colors in modern times.
